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309 Stainless Steel Sheet & Plate

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309 Stainless Steel Sheet & Plate (UNS S30908,1.4828)

309 stainless steel sheet and plate are high-temperature corrosion-resistant materials widely used in demanding industrial environments. These alloys are part of the austenitic stainless steel family, renowned for their exceptional strength, durability, and ability to withstand elevated temperatures. With a unique combination of chromium (22-24%) and nickel (12-15%), 309 stainless steel is specially designed to perform in environments exposed to extreme heat and oxidative conditions.

 

Key Features

  • High-Temperature Resistance: Withstanding temperatures up to 1000°C (1832°F), 309 is ideal for heat-intensive environments.
  • Corrosion Resistance: Superior resistance to oxidation and scaling in both air and mildly corrosive environments, particularly at elevated temperatures.
  • Mechanical Strength: High tensile strength (around 620 MPa) and excellent creep resistance under thermal stress.

 

Technical Specifications:

  • UNS Number: S30908
  • DIN/EN Designation: 1.4828

Available Thickness

3/16″1/4″5/16″3/8″1/2″5/8″3/4″1″
4.8mm6.3mm7.9mm9.5mm12.7mm15.9mm19mm25.4mm
1 1/4″1 1/2″1 5/8″1 3/4″2″2 1/2″3″
31.8mm38.1mm41.3mm44.5mm50.8mm63.5mm76.2mm
309-stainless-steel-sheet-plate

Application

  • Automotive
  • Chemical and Pharmaceutical
  • Fertilizer
  • Food Processing and Handling
  • Manufacturing
  • Mining
  • Oil & Gas
  • Phosphate Mining

Standard

  • ASTM A240 / A240M
  • ASTM A276 / A276M
  • ASTM A312 / A312M
  • ISO 15510
  • EN 10088-2
  • IN 10204
  • HE G4304
  • HE G4305
  • ASME SA240 / SA240M
  • ASME SA312 / SA312M

Corrosion Resistance

  • Oxidation Resistance: Stainless Steel 309 performs well in oxidative environments, thanks to its high chromium content. It can withstand high temperatures and resist scaling, making it suitable for applications where exposure to air or gases at elevated temperatures is common.
  • Sulfur Dioxide: This grade has good resistance to sulfur dioxide and other sulfur-containing gases, which can be corrosive to many other materials.
  • Corrosive Environments: While it offers better resistance to high temperatures than some other grades, Stainless Steel 309 is not as resistant to corrosion in chloride environments compared to grades like 316. For applications with high chloride exposure, a different grade might be more appropriate.
  • Thermal Cycling: It maintains its resistance to corrosion even with thermal cycling, which is when the material undergoes repeated heating and cooling.

309 Chemical Composition

Element% by Weight (Typical)
Chromium (Cr)24.0 – 26.0
Nickel (Ni)13.0 – 15.0
Carbon (C)≤ 0.15
Manganese (Mn)≤ 2.0
Silicon (Si)≤ 1.0
Phosphorus (P)≤ 0.045

309 Physical Properties

PropertyValue
Density~7.9 g/cm³
Melting Point~1400-1450°C
Thermal Conductivity~15.5 W/m·K
Specific Heat Capacity~500 J/kg·K
Modulus of Elasticity~200 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio~0.30

309 Mechanical Properties

Property Value
Yield Strength (0.2% offset) ~205 MPa
Tensile Strength ~510 MPa
Elongation (in 50 mm) ~40%
Hardness (Rockwell B) ~80 HB
Modulus of Elasticity ~200 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio ~0.30

Fabrication Data

  1. Machining
  • Machinability: Stainless Steel 309 is harder than many other stainless steels, which can make machining more challenging. Using sharp tools and appropriate cutting speeds is crucial.
  • Cutting Tools: Carbide-tipped tools are often recommended for better performance and longevity.
  1. Welding
  • Welding Methods: Common methods include TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) and MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding. Pre-heating is not typically required, but post-weld heat treatment may improve properties.
  • Filler Material: Use a filler material compatible with 309, such as 309L, to ensure similar corrosion and mechanical properties.
  • Heat Treatment: After welding, a post-weld annealing process can help reduce residual stresses and improve corrosion resistance.
  1. Heat Treatment
  • Solution Annealing: Heat to approximately 1050-1150°C (1920-2100°F) and rapidly cool. This process helps to dissolve any carbides and ensures a uniform microstructure.
  • Stress Relieving: If the material has been subjected to stress, stress-relieving heat treatment at around 700-800°C (1290-1470°F) can be beneficial.
  1. Forming
  • Cold Working: Stainless Steel 309 can be cold worked but may require more force compared to other grades due to its hardness.
  • Hot Working: Hot working should be done at temperatures above 1000°C (1830°F) to avoid work hardening and to maintain ductility.
  1. Surface Treatment
  • Pickling and Passivation: These processes can help remove surface contaminants and enhance corrosion resistance. Pickling involves acidic cleaning, while passivation forms a protective oxide layer.
  1. Cleaning
  • Cleaning: Use non-abrasive cleaners and avoid chloride-based cleaners to prevent surface damage and potential corrosion.
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